Supervisory control and data acquisition, a computer system for gathering and analyzing real time data. SCADA systems are used to monitor and control a plant or equipment in industries such as telecommunications, water and waste control, energy, oil and gas refining and transportation. SCADA systems were first used in the 1960s and are now an integral component in virtually all industrial plant and Servicesion facilities RS View 32 .

An ac drive is a device that is used to control the speed of an electrical motor. The speed is controlled by changing the frequency of the electrical supply to the motor. The three-phase voltage in the national electrical grid connected to a motor creates a rotating magnetic field in it. DC drives are DC motor speed control systems. Since the speed of a DC motor is directly proportional to armature voltage and inversely proportional to motor flux (which is a function of field current), either armature voltage or field current can be used to control speed. .

Control panel is a cabinet which contains electrical components to control various types of devices. Components include contactors, relays, circuit breakers, fuses, isolators, indication lamps, selector switches, push buttons, transformers, overload relays, timers etc. Control panels are used in all Servicesion lines Such as in factories to monitor and control machines or Servicesion lines. Older control panels are most often equipped with push buttons and analog instruments, whereas today in many cases HMI are used for monitoring and control purposes.

DC power supply provides the required level of DC power to the load using an AC supply at the input. Input transformer is used to transform the incoming line voltage down to the required level for the power supply. Typically the input transformer provides a step down function. The advantage of the DC supply is greater efficiency because the switching transistor dissipates little power when acting as a switch. Other advantages include smaller size and lighter weight from the elimination of heavy line-frequency transformers, and lower heat generation due to higher efficiency

Instruments attached to a control system may provide signals used to operate solenoids, valves, regulators,circuit breakers or relays.etc. These devices control a desired output variable, and provide either remote or automated control capabilities. Digital Sensor, Analog Sensor, RTD

An HMI is a software application that presents information to an operator or user about the state of a process, and to accept and implement the operators control instructions. Typically information is displayed in a graphic format. Human machine interfaces vary widely, from control panels for nuclear power plants to the screen and input buttons on a cell phone. A human user needs some way to tell the machine what to do, to make requests of the machine, or to adjust the machine. All of these devices can be utilized to send commands to a system or even an interlinked set of systems.PV 300 .